From this article you will learn everything about the arthritis of the knee joint: what is this, for what reasons, what are the events at different stages.How to deal with it, how to prevent an illness.
The arthritis of the knee joint (fertilization) is a degenerative pathology of the joint, in which cartilage damage, muscle and joint damage and bone deformation.
The disease occurs mainly after 40 years (12-16% of people at this age are ill).Women get sick 2 times more often than men.Diseases are subject to athletes and people who do heavy physical work.
The kneeling gradually develops and is accompanied by the appearance of pain in the joint:
- The mobility of the joints is reduced.
- Bone and cartilage growth grow, which interfere with normal joint function.
Over time, this leads to the complete stillness of the joint.Without treatment, the disease leads to a disability.
Conservative treatment of knee joint articulation is only possible in the early stages of processing the process (1 and 2), allows you to slow down, inhibit the development of pathology.
As the disease progresses, treatment is only surgical.Fully (100%) to get rid of the pathology can only with intra -protecting - replacing the knee joint.
The traumatologist-orthopedist and other doctors are dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of knee joint arthropurite.According to the testimony, a rheumatologist has been assigned.Symptoms of the disease can also be detected by a sports doctor.
Causes of the disease and the types
Depending on the factor that causes the disease, there are 2 knee varieties of the disease:
Primary (idiopathic)
This type of articulation affects middle -aged and the elderly.The initial stages are diagnosed after 40 years and at the age of 70 years of age, the fertilization is detected in 60% of people.Often, 2 joints are affected simultaneously.
Primary articulation occurs due to changes that occur in the body with age, deterioration of blood circulation and the slowdown in metabolism.The risk of growth increases with obesity and sedentary lifestyle.
Secondary form
Secondary - can occur in a person of any age and hit both joints at the same time and 1.
The reasons are:
- Strong loads on the legs.
- Injuries to the joints, knee meniscus, intra -business fractures.
- Diseases in which metabolic processes (disorders of parathyroid glands, diabetes, hemorrhosis, Vilson disease, gout, mucosal polish and other diseases) are disturbed.
- Diseases of connective tissue.
- Inflammatory pathologies (infectious and non -infectious arthritis and arthritis), hemophilia (a rare hereditary disease associated with impaired blood clotting).
Next, we will analyze in more detail what it is - the articulation of the knee joint, its degree, the changes that begin to the tissues during the pathology.
Symptoms and three stages of the disease
With the development of the disease, cartilage begins to become thinner due to strong loads or lack of nutrients in it.This causes the friction of the bones in the knee joint.
Bone tissue erosion is formed as a protective reaction of the body - the formation of increases begins.All of these factors lead to deformation of the knee joint and its limited mobility.
Symptoms of arthritis of the knee joint in 3 stages:
| Stage | Clinical signs | Procedures occurring in the joint |
|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Can flow asymptomatic The panoramicness on the knees in the morning, during the occupations, when walking to the stairs, after large loads and hypothermia, is possible The rigidity appears in the morning on the knees The articular can develop - accumulation in the joint of a liquid, which must be removed using a perforation (a perforation of the cavity with a liquid and its fence) |
The surface of the cartilage becomes rough and dry Cracks and ulcers are formed on this |
| 2 |
Pain even appears as a result of a light load and becomes more intense with active walking The foot does not completely bend, the shared crises The knee expands visually The risk of arthritis increases even further |
In response to increased loads in the joint, it appears to be flat Osteophyte formation begins - bone developments The synovial fluid becomes thicker and less nutritious Destructive processes in cartilage accelerate |
| 3 |
Pain takes chronic character and continues the patient even at rest Both complete bending and full knee expansion are impossible The tumor of the joint is increasing Walking is difficult, many people start using crutches or cane Valgus deformation may appear (X -shaped regulation) or deformation of the variety (shape O) |
There is almost no cartilage fabric Bones are deformed and "squeezed" to each other, which leads to restriction of mobility in the joint |
Acute form
The acute arthritis of the knee joint is the time when the disease progresses faster and strongly manifested clinically.
Can lead to deterioration:
- Very strong load on the joint.
- hypothermia.
- Non -compliance with prescription diet.
- damage.
Sometimes fervor begins strongly, as if bypassing the first stage.This is possible due to knee injury.
Diagnosis
If you notice a restriction in the joint in the morning or after a long meeting, as well as pain when you go down the stairs or occupation - this may be a 1 -stage sign of the parent.
To make a precise diagnosis, make an appointment with a therapist who will direct you to an orthopedist or other doctor.
Prior to the treatment of osteoarthritis or gonorrhosis, the doctor will conduct an initial examination and sense of joint and also direct:
- Radiography - will help evaluate the status of the joint.
- Ultrasound - will allow us to determine if there is the simultaneous inflammatory process.
Treatment methods
With the articulation of the knee joint, its symptoms and treatment are interconnected, as many therapeutic measures are precisely aimed at eliminating the worrying characteristics and improving the quality of human life.
Drugs, diet and physiotherapy:
- They slow down further devastating processes in cartilage.
- Prevent the transition of the disease to a more neglected stage.
It is impossible to completely cure the disease, but you can suspend, slow down the development of pathology.
Diet
The purpose of observing the diet is to slow down the further progression of the disease.
What to add to the menu and what to block:
| Useful products | Forbidden products |
|---|---|
| Rabbit, turkey, chicken, dairy products, eggs (no more than 3 pieces a day and preferably without yolks) - serve as sources of protein |
Fat meats, sausages, sausages - leads to weight gain, which creates an additional load on the joint and also prevents the normal formation of synovial fluid |
| Fish, especially red varieties, are rich in omega-3 |
Flour, sweet, mayonnaise, fast food - products contributing to an overweight set |
| Jelly, welded from broth to bones, gelatin - contains chondroitin and collagen, which contribute to the formation of new cartilage tissue |
White cabbage, tomatoes, Bulgarian pepper, eggplant, according to some versions, contain substances that destroy collagen and chondroitin - "construction bricks" for cartilage tissue However, some studies contradict their damage to arthritis |
| Rice, millet, buckwheat have complex carbohydrates that contribute to the formation of synovial fluid |
Egg yolks, Gadu liver - increase the risk of developing gout |
| Cottage cheese, cheese - calcium sources |
Coffee - lenses from body useful for bones and calcium joints |
| Apples, broccoli, beans, pumpkin, zucchini, parsley, dill, cucumbers, carrots, celery, spinach, cereals, gooseberries, grapefruit, grenade, grenade Saturated with substances that benefit joints |
Alcohol - violates normal diet and metabolic processes in joints |
| Water (1.5-2 liters per day) - helps normalize metabolism in the body and joints in particular Juices (these fruits and vegetables mentioned above) |
Salt - can lead to deterioration |
Exercise
If you have developed knee arthritis, medical exercises should be done daily.Special exercises help stimulate blood circulation in the joint, which will prevent further devastating processes in cartilage.Physical natural treatment will also increase the mobility of the affected knee and prevent pain.However, any exercise is contraindicated in the acute course of the disease.
Therapeutic gym for the knee joints of Dr. Evdokimenko
The purpose of this complex of therapeutic gym is to force the muscles surrounding the joint without loading it.The gym according to the Evdokimenko method has very good results with the articulation of the knee joint.
Gymnasiums:
- Lie on the stomach, straighten your feet, hands on the seams.Raise over the floor at a height of 15 cm straight foot, tighten the buttocks and thigh muscles.Keep this foot position for 30-40 seconds.Lower it.Repeat the movement with each year 1.
- Lift your straight foot over the floor by 15 cm, hold it for 1-3 seconds.Return to its original position (IP).Make 10-12 repetitions for each foot.
- Bend the knee 90 degrees.Lift the bent foot to a height of 10 cm from the floor and hold it for 30-40 seconds.Make this movement with each foot 1 time.Then repeat the same exercise, but with a delay in each foot by 1-3 seconds.Run 10-12 repetitions for each of the legs.
- Lift two straight legs over the floor by 10-15 cm.Dilute them to the sides and take them back.Without decreasing legs on the floor, perform movements 8 times.In this case, the thigh muscles should work as much as possible.
- Lie on the side.Bend the lower foot on the knee.Leave the top straight, increase 45 degrees over the floor.Keep it in this way for 30-40 seconds.Run an exercise in once on each foot.
- Sit on a chair.Raise the maximum set on your knee.Hold it for 30 seconds.Lift each foot 2-4 times.
- I get up.Leaning for the back of the chair.Stand on socks.Lies for 30-60 seconds.Return to IP.
- Stand on socks, hold out in this position for 1-3 seconds.Return to IP.Repeat the movement 10-12 times.
- Put the right foot on the floor.Stand on to the sock of the left foot.Climb the sock smoothly with your right foot and lower the left heel to the floor.Pull like 10-12 times.
This author's physical education is greater intensity than the previous one.It is only possible in the first signs of knee.Before you start doing it yourself, be sure to consult your doctor.
If you feel severe pain when performing movements, stop them immediately.
Surgical methods
Since it is impossible to cure the articulation of the knee joint by completely conservative methods, in severe cases, doctors resort to operating methods.
One of the most effective - intra -adolescent knee joint, that is, replacing the friction surfaces of the artificial joint.
The post -endoprotheistic recovery period is from 3 to 6 months.
Such surgeries are also performed:
- Artroplasty - Plastic Surgery to restore the normal structure of the joint.
- Corrective Osteotomy - the correction of Valgus deformations or leg deformations, which could occur in advanced joints.
Folk remedies
Home construction products can serve as a wonderful addition to traditional treatment.
However, before the treatment of knee joint articulation with the use of folk remedies, consult your doctor, because some natural ingredients may have contraindications or not combined with the medicines you have prescribed.
Here are some effective recipes, the time -tested:
- Beef hooves and knee - help restore cartilage.Boil for several hours.Drink 100 ml of broth before each meal.
- Honey, apple cider vinegar - relieve swelling and pain.Mix the components in the ratio of 3 to 1 in the evening, make compresses, apply for 30 minutes.
- Jerusalem Art - helps to relieve an attack on pain.Pour 350 g of crushed leaves and top stems 2 liters of boiling water.Cooling at room temperature.Reduce a gauze bandage into the infusion and put a wound.
Prevention
Preventive measures are very simple:
- Participate in Physical Education, but do not overload your knees.Never run on the asphalt.Special trails or primer are suitable for operation.
- Avoid knee injuries or treat them in time.For bruises and sprains, contact the traumatologist immediately and follow all his recommendations.
- Eat correctly.
- Denies bad habits.
Forecast
Arthritis is a disease that cannot be fully cured by conservative methods.
However, do not despair.Provided to comply with all the doctor's recommendations, you can avoid complications, relieve the pain and improve the range of movements in the joint.
Do not postpone the visit to the specialist, since in later stages the disease can lead to deformities of the feet and disability.Modern medicine treats them quickly.